A free and safe scientific environment

When academic freedom erodes and scientists are threatened, science loses its ability to serve society. In the Netherlands – as in many other democracies – the freedom and safety of scientists can no longer be assumed. Therefore, the Netherlands Commission for UNESCO presents five recommendations to the Minister of Education, Culture and Science.

Why this advice?

Academic freedom allows researchers to choose their topics, present results, and teach without external interference. When scientists are safe, they are able to do so without fear of intimidation or harm. This is what makes these principles essential to innovation, public trust, and democratic resilience.

Yet both are eroding. In several countries, politicians are attempting to influence university programmes or to link funding to political aims. In the Netherlands, similar signals have emerged – including calls to intervene in curricula or to cut university budgets in response to protest. Additionally, many scientists rely on short-term or earmarked funding, which limits space for independent or fundamental research. It is no surprise, therefore, that international organisations report a decline in academic freedom in the Netherlands. 

At the same time, threats against scientists are becoming more visible. The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated how often researchers can face hate, harassment and intimidation. Women and early-career researchers from underrepresented groups are at greatest risk. Moreover, those in precarious positions are less likely to speak out – even when their work is socially important. This leads to self-censorship and reduces diversity and quality in science.

Without safety, researchers cannot work freely. Without freedom, science cannot serve society.

UNESCO

UNESCO recognises this challenge. In 2017, its 194 member states adopted the Recommendation on Science and Scientific Researchers, which sets standards for academic freedom, safety and responsibility. Two years ago, the organization also established a Programme on the Freedom and Safety of Scientists – with help from the Netherlands. The Netherlands Commission for UNESCO brings this agenda into national policy. It promotes open and inclusive science, and now calls on the Minister to actively protect the conditions that make science possible.

1. Stay ‘vigilant at a distance’

Protect institutional autonomy. Reject political interference. Encourage universities to define academic freedom through internal consultation. The Minister should speak out when academic freedom is threatened - including by political or financial pressure. Universities must be trusted to define their own approach, in continuous dialogue with staff and students.

2. Strengthen structural funding

Reduce reliance on earmarked public and commercial funding. Create space for independent, curiosity-driven research. Public investment can make science more independent and resilient. It protects smaller fields and ensures that young researchers can take intellectual risks without fear for their position or safety.

3. Support the SafeScience programme (‘WetenschapVeilig’)

Secure long-term funding. Build shared knowledge. Include a focus on vulnerable groups. With appropriate support, the programme can develop guidance, co-ordinate responses, and provide expertise. Specific attention must be given to women and underrepresented groups, who face the greatest risks. 

4. Safeguard space for protest and dialogue

Respect peaceful demonstrations. Avoid disproportionate security responses. Protest is part of university life and democratic exchange. The Minister should encourage institutions to allow open discussion, while taking action against criminal offences. 

5. Take a visible public stance 

Speak up for science. Support international co-operation. Highlight how science supports policy and democracy. The Minister should be an advocate for science – both nationally and internationally. This includes explaining how research informs decision-making and supporting global efforts through UNESCO.

The role of the Commission

The Netherlands Commission for UNESCO will continue to support academic freedom and the safety of scientists by sharing knowledge, connecting partners, and advising policymakers. These values are not guaranteed. They must be actively protected if science is to serve society – now and in the future.